Гінекологічні передумови розвитку синдрому хронічного тазового болю – діагностика та лікування (Огляд літератури)
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Анотація
Синдром хронічного тазового болю є комплексним процесом і переважно охоплює декілька систем органів. Гінекологічні аспекти синдрому хронічного тазового болю можна розділити на чотири різні складові: інтраабдомінальний біль, вагінальний біль, біль, пов’язаний із м’язами тазового дна, та біль сексуального характеру. Поширеними гінекологічними причинами хронічного тазового болю є ендометріоз, аденоміоз, вульвовагінальний больовий синдром, дисфункція м’язів тазового дна та біль, пов’язаний із сексуальною сферою у жінок.
У цій статті наведено опис гінекологічного обстеження пацієнток із хронічним тазовим болем і розглянуто найпоширеніші гінекологічні захворювання та методи їхнього лікування. Проведено огляд літератури, який включав рекомендації Міжнародного товариства з питань нетримання сечі, Європейської асоціації урологів та Міжнародної асоціації з вивчення болю.
Гінекологічне обстеження пацієнток із хронічним тазовим болем починається з ретельного збору анамнезу та фізикального огляду. Лабораторні тести, візуалізаційні дослідження та діагностичні процедури можуть використовуватись як допоміжні методи для більш точного встановлення діагнозу. Методи лікування включають фізіотерапевтичні, медикаментозні, ін’єкції у тригерні точки та хірургічні втручання.
Оскільки діагностика та лікування хронічного тазового болю можуть бути складними, важливо, щоб лікарі були знайомі з різними аспектами даного синдрому для забезпечення належної допомоги пацієнткам. Ретельний збір анамнезу і фізикальне обстеження, спрямовані на виявлення причин болю, можуть допомогти визначити наступний крок в обстеженні та лікуванні. Однак гінекологічна патологія є однією з багатьох, але не єдиною, що може бути пов’язана з хронічним тазовим болем. Це своєю чергою зумовлює необхідність мультимодального та мультидисциплінарного підходу під час ведення пацієнток із хронічним тазовим болем.
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Посилання
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